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J. L. LO WRYQ V PUMPING ENGINE- Patented Mar, 10, 1868.

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Lam mum Nb. 75,234, dated .M'areh 10, issue; anteclatcd F ar-[m 24,, 1s os.

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. Be it knewn'that I, JOSEPH L. Lower, of the city-oi Pittsbnrgin the county oi' Allegheny, and Strite of Pennsylvania, have inventnda new and useful Improvement in Steam-Engines for Iumping and other purposes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this-specification, and to the'lctters of reference marked thereon,:

in which-- v n n Figure 1 represents a front clevation ofthe pumps, and view of steam-engine,

Figure 2 represents a sectional view of the same engine working lifting pumps. Figure 3 represents a vertical elevation of pumps workingwith loaded plurigers- Figured represents modifications of workingsteamcxpansively. I, All the drawings are lettered, and similar letters denote corresponding parts in thcscveralviews.

The object of my invention is, that'thesteam having been admitted into the cylinder at suiiicient pressui e,

to'put the piston with its load in motion, and then cut ofi',-say, one-fourth of the stroke, as the steam gradually:

decreases in pressure by cxpansiomthe labor or load on the piston to be correspondingly,rednced,so that every pound of the elastic force, or expansive power of the steam may be applied tooperatc the engine before it is t;-

.cxliansted as worthless. And my invention consists .in. the herein-described arrangement of, thecngine, with reference to the pump, and its combination therewith. r V J Tot enable others skilled in .the art' to understand and make nay-invention, Iwill proceed to'deserihe its construction and operation by rei'erence to the accompanying (l1'awings.'

I construct my pumping-engine similar, in many respects, to those already in use, but in order to use or apply the wholeiexpansive force or power of the steam to operate the engine, I connect or couple the steam piston and pump-pliingcr or head in such a manner that when the steam is first admitted into thocylinder, andhas snflicient power or presshre to move or drive the.-pun1p-liead at full speed, both the piston in the cylinder -e,nd the pump-head travel about the same speed, or through equal distances in equal space of time, the pumphead travelling a little the fastest; but as soon as the steam is cut'ofi in the cylinder, and gradually reduces its pressure .by expansion, as not'to be able to carry its load without stopping, thc'pump-hcad' gradually reduces its speed in proportion asthe steamer is getting weaker in the cylinder, until at. theend of the" stroke the pump head is not travelling or moving at one-sixth of the 'speed'of the'steam-piston," giving to the piston leverage over the pump equal to the reduced pressureo'f the steam by expansion. V r

This graduating movement of the piston and pump-head can be produced by several mechanical arrange ments, such as cams, levers, chain and wheel, or with gearing, or as shown in diagrams, fig. 4, the steam. being first admitted into the first cylinder under the piston, raisesritup with its lead to the upper end of the stroke.

The piston new halts, when a valve-opens into the second cylinder, and permits the steam inthe first cylinder. to expand under the piston of the second cylinder, raising it up with its lead to thc'upp'er end of -its' stroke A valve now opens into the third cylinder, and permits the steam to expand out of thefirst an-d second cylinders into the third cylinder, raising the third'piston with its load of water similar to the first and second cylinders, andso on till the fourth and fifth pistons have been raised, the steam expanding out of euch of the cylinders. When their pistons have been raised into the next cylinder, each of the pistons, from the first to the last, is

connected with pumps, gradually reduced in size, and to correspond with the reduced pressure ofths steam by expansion, so that the piston may always be able to. raise the pumphcad with its load.

Fig. 1 represents a. forcing-engine with one steam-cylinder working two single-acting pumps, the cyliuder working horizontally, the pumps vertically, the steam-piston being connected with the pump-headby means of a'quadrant, or quarter circle, which gives the pump-head the advantage in leverage at the'beginning of the stroke, but gradually decreases its speed until at the end of the stroke the piston has from six to eight times the leverage over the pump-head. The quadrant revolving but one-quarter of a circle inmaking the stroke, each of the arms of the quadrant to which the connectionq'ods of'th c'pumps are connected rises alternately .to a level or horizontal line with the shaftnand falls to a perpendicular line atitlro-end of the down stroke. A is the steam-cylinder,-Dthc reservoir where the steam is permitted to-expan'd a-t't'er it has. been worked in the cylinder, and there held in reserve to be applied in working the condensing and feed-pump engines. C is the quadrant, to which connectingrrods of the pumps and steamcylindernre connected. B ere the pumps, marked 1 ,and 2.- 0' is the throttle velveto a'dmit the steam to the cylinder. r 1': are rushes to shut oil the steam from either end of the eyli nder, so as toavvork-either. pump separate, if 'reqnired. jj'nre the pisten-valve chambers, which admit the steam into the cylinder l lere the ch-almbers' of the exhaust-valves. 6 b an cataracts tn govern the stenmand exhaust-valves. d is a pipe to supply water from reservoir to the cataracts. {z is 'the exhnust-pipe of the engine. 0 here the check-valve chembers, which. rise and permit the steam to expnnd out: of the cylinder into the reservoir, and :then, falling, retains the steem in the reservoir, the (interactp eventing the exhaust-valve from opening until the steam has had time to pass into the reservoir. e e are pipes which connect the reservoir -with the check-valves.- w is a. smell qnzidrent, which is moved by tsppets i on the. large eundrent 0, end gives motion to steam-piston valves by means of rods. fis the shaft on-which the quadrant C moves or vibrates. 'u 1) are the connecting-rods that connect the pump-heed to the quadrant or qdsrter circle 0. s x are the pump-rods. I diare'the slides. to guide the pimp-bend "or plungers. I: [rare the valves of'the pump. 9 is the pump-head. is the nir-chamber of the pump. "C" is the'opening for 'the dischargepipe. -w. is the connecting-roller pitman of the steam-cylinder.

Figure 2 represents a sectional view of the snme'engin e Working two s ingle-ncting lifting-pumps. It h are the cheek-valves fer- -retaining the steam in the reservoir D H are the pistons in the catar'icts b 6., pp are the exhaust-valves. 'q'q are the pisten-va-lves that admit tlie' steam to the cylinder. [2 is'the piston oflthe eylinden The linesjor speces in the cylinder and pump, nnmbered 1, 2 3, tin-d4, represent or show the dis tanee travelled bythe steam-piston and pump-head in the semespace-of'time. v

Fignre 3' represents tw'o forcing-pumps working'irithloaded. plungers, end embodies the other two plans described, the-engine working as e lifting engine while the pumps are forcing the water. Either. the steameylinder or .pzimp msybe worked horizontally or vertically, or one steam-cylinder and one'pnmp csnwork together.- I I I V Having thus described myii vention', what I claim il- The herein-descrihed engine, when nr'ranged es shown,- and in combinationwith-punips' :for raising water, substantially as shown and ,desoribed.

JOSEPH L. LOWRY.

Witness es:

EDWARD Benn, DAVID Lownin. 

